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Details for messenger / hormone: progesterone

EndoNet ID: ENH00049

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Synonyms

  • progesterone
  • 4-pregnene-3,20-dione
  • P4

General information

  • Progesterone influences spermiogenesis, sperm capacitation/acrosome reaction and testosterone biosynthesis in the Leydig cells. [1]
  • Progesterone is important for ovulation, mammary gland development, establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. [2]

Classification

Hormone function

  • reproduction and sexual differentiation
    • reproduction

    Chemical classification

    • hormone
      • not genome-encoded
        • sterol lipids
          • steroids
            • progestins

      Composition

      KEGG C00410

      Links to other resources

      KEGG C00410

      • Anatomical structure: corpus_luteum

      • Anatomical structure: corpus_luteum

      • Anatomical structure: cell_of_adrenal_gland_zona_glomerulosa

        Influenced by:

        • LHCGR-1
          in cell_of_adrenal_gland_zona_glomerulosa
        • follitropin receptor
          in cell_of_adrenal_gland_zona_glomerulosa

      • Anatomical structure: granulosa_cell

        Influenced by:

        • LHCGR-1
          in granulosa_cell
          • Progesterone secretion was enhanced by all agents that caused down-regulationo f the LH receptor; however, there was little correlation between progesterone secretion and down-regulation [3]
        • BMP receptor type IB
          in granulosa_cell
          • BMP-4, a known ligand of Alk6, inhibits progesterone secretion by ovine granulosa cells in the absence of FSH. [4]
          • BMP-4 modulates progesterone by inhibiting the steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) transcriptional activity on steroidogenic gene promotors. In FSH-induced conditions, this mechanism might be reinforced by an inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity. [5]
        • PRLR
          in ovary
          • The luteotropic action of prolactin involves stimulation of progesterone production by luteal cells. [6]

      Targets

      CellPR Bprogesterone receptorprogesterone receptor Aunspecified progesterone receptor
      arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus Present
      Influences
      • ↓ GnRH-I
      basophil gonadotroph cell of anterior pituitary FSH Present
      Influences
      • ↑ LH
      cell of endometrium of uterus Present
      Influences
      • ↓ IL-11
      • ↑ TGF-beta 2
      corpus luteum Present
      eccrine sweat glands Present
      		Present
      epidermis Present
      		Present
      hair follicle Present
      		Present
      hypothalamus Present
      Influences
      • ↑ GnRH-I
      macrophage Present
      mammary gland Present
      Phenotypes
      • mammary gland morphogenesis
      ovary Present
      Phenotypes
      • mammary gland development
      • maintainance of pregnancy
      • sexual behavior
      • regulation of ovulation
      sebaceous glands Present
      Phenotypes
      • sebaceous gland development
      		Present
      Phenotypes
      • sebaceous gland development
      Reference