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Details for messenger / hormone: erythropoietin

EndoNet ID: ENH00068

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Synonyms

  • erythropoietin
  • epoetin
  • EP
  • hematopoietin
  • hemopoietin
  • EPO

General information

  • Glycoprotein hormone. [1]
  • Erythropoietin crosses the blood-brain barrier to protect against experimental brain injury. [2]
  • EPO is widely used in the treatment of anemia associated with renal disease, certain chronic diseases and anemia related to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. [3]
  • Erythropoietin regulates the transcription of the TIMP-1 gene upon binding to its receptor in erythroid cells by triggering the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt. [4]
  • Hypoxia as well as cobalt and nickel stimulate the production of Epo. [5]
  • In the human, EPO is produced by peritubular cells in the kidneys of the adult and in hepatocytes in the fetus. [6]
  • Small amounts of extra-renal EPO are produced by the liver in adult human subjects. [6]
  • Elaborated to 90% by the kidney. [7]
  • Human erythropoietin is a haematopoietic cytokine required for the differentiation and proliferation of precursor cells into red blood cells. [8]
  • Erythropoietin-mediated neuroprotection involves cross-talk between Jak2 and NF-kappaB signalling cascades. [9]
  • HIF-1-induced erythropoietin in the hypoxic retina protects against light-induced retinal degeneration. [10]

Classification

Hormone function

  • development and growth
    • growth stimulation

    Chemical classification

    • hormone
      • genome-encoded
        • glycoprotein hormones family

    Composition

    Sequence 
    APPRLICDS RVLERYLLE AKEAENITT 
GCAEHCSLN ENITVPDTK VNFYAWKRM 
EVGQQAVEV WQGLALLSE AVLRGQALL 
VNSSQPWEP LQLHVDKAV SGLRSLTTL 
LRALGAQKE AISPPDAAS AAPLRTITA 
DTFRKLFRV YSNFLRGKL KLYTGEACR 
TGDR

    Links to other resources

    UniProt P01588
    Ensembl ENST00000252723
    KEGG hsa:2056

    • Anatomical structure: kidney

    • Anatomical structure: hepatocyte

    • Anatomical structure: astrocyte

    • Anatomical structure: neuron

    • Anatomical structure: trophoblast_cell

    • Anatomical structure: cerebellar_cortex

    • Anatomical structure: hippocampus

    • Anatomical structure: cerebrospinal_fluid

    Targets

    CellEpoR
    No records found.
    Reference