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Details for messenger / hormone: histamine

EndoNet ID: ENH00219

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Synonyms

  • histamine
  • 2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethylamine

General information

  • Histamine-induced shedding is blocked by TNF-alpha protease inhibitor, and through the H1 receptor via a MEK-1/p42 and p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. [1]
  • Mast cells and basophils, gastric enterochromaffin-like cells, platelets and histaminergic neurons are the classical sources of histamine. [2]
  • Histamine is a paracrine mediator of the action of gastrin on acid secretion. [3]
  • Histamine is synthesized by the cytosolic enzyme histidine decarboxylase in ECL cells in response to gastrin, and then sequestrated into secretory granules by vesicular monoamine transporter type 2. [3]
  • Histamine antagonizes tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling by stimulating TNF receptor shedding from the cell surface and Golgi storage pool. [1]

Classification

Hormone function

  • CNS function
    • neurotransmitter
    • homeostasis
      • cardiovascular control
        • ion flow control
        • immune response
          • activation

          Chemical classification

          • hormone
            • not genome-encoded
              • amino acids
                • glutamate-derived

            Links to other resources

            • Anatomical structure: basophil_granulocyte

              Influenced by:

              • IgE Fc receptor, alpha-subunit
                in basophil_granulocyte
                • PI3-kinase is involved in the signal transduction pathway responsible for histamine secretion following stimulation of Fc epsilon RI and that wortmannin blocks these responses through direct interaction with the catalytic subunit of this enzyme. [4]

            • Anatomical structure: mast_cell

              Influenced by:

              • IgE receptor
                in mast_cell
              • CRF-R1
                in mast_cell
                • CRH activates mast cells via CRH-R1 to release of histamine and from there, vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. [5]
              • beta-2 adrenoreceptor
                in mast_cell
                • Beta2 adrenoreceptor inhibit the histamine release from mast cells. [6]

            • Anatomical structure: platelet

            • Anatomical structure: enterochromaffin_cell_of_gastrointestinal_tract

            • Anatomical structure: enterochromaffin_like_cell

              • Gastrin or Acetylcholine stimulate histamine-release.

              Influenced by:

              • CCK-2
                in enterochromaffin_like_cell
                • CCK2 receptors mediate the release of histamine from enterchromaffin-like cells in the stomach. [7]

            Targets

            CellH1H2H3histamine H4 receptor
            B-lymphocyte Present
            		Present
            basophil granulocyte Present
            bone marrow Present
            chondrocyte Present
            		Present
            colon Present
            continuous vascular endothelial cell of blood vessels and lymphatics Present
            		Present
            dendritic cell in lymphoid tissues Present
            		Present
            		Present
            		Present
            eosinophil granulocyte Present
            		Present
            		Present
            epithelial cell Present
            		Present
            heart Present
            hepatocyte Present
            		Present
            		Present
            leukocyte Present
            lung Present
            mast cell Present
            monocyte Present
            		Present
            mucosa of gastric wall Present
            nerve Present
            		Present
            		Present
            neutrophil granulocyte Present
            		Present
            		Present
            oxyntic cell of gastric gland Present
            Phenotypes
            • positive regulation of gastric acid secretion
            small intestine Present
            spleen Present
            T-lymphocyte Present
            		Present
            		Present
            thymus Present
            Reference