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Details for receptor: VPAC1

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EndoNet ID: ENR00741

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Synonyms

  • vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 1
  • VPAC1
  • PACAP-R2
  • PACAP type II receptor
  • VIP-1R

General information

  • CGRP-R, NPY-R, VIP-1R and beta2-R, but not SP-R, VIP-2R, PACAP-R, beta1-R and beta3-R, were expressed in osteoblasts as well as osteosarcoma cells. [1]
  • In lung, HT29 colonic epithelial cells, Raji B-lymphoblasts, lesser in brain, heart, kidney, liver and placenta. [2]
  • The affinity is VIP = PACAP-27 > PACAP-38. [2]

Links to other resources

UniProt P32241
Ensembl ENST00000450274

Subunit information

short form (hIVR8)

Sequence 
ARLQEECDY VQMIEVQHK QCLEEAQLE 
NETIGCSKM WDNLTCWPA TPRGQVVVL 
ACPLIFKLF SSIQGRNVS RSCTDEGWT 
HLEPGPYPI ACGLDDKAA SLDEQQTMF 
YGSVKTGYT IGYGLSLAT LLVATAILS 
LFRKLHCTR NYIHMHLFI SFILRAAAV 
FIKDLALFD SGESDQCSE GSVGCKAAM 
VFFQYCVMA NFFWLLVEG LYLYTLLAV 
SFFSERKYF WGYILIGWG VPSTFTMVW 
TIARIHFED YGCWDTINS SLWWIIKGP 
ILTSILVNF ILFICIIRI LLQKLRPPD 
IRKSDSSPY SRLARSTLL LIPLFGVHY 
IMFAFFPDN FKPEVKMVF ELVVGSFQG 
FVVAILYCF LNGEVQAEL RRKWRRWHL 
QGVLGWNPK YRHPSGGSN GATCSTQVS 
MLTRVSPGA RRSSSFQAE VSLV
UniProt P32241-1

Binding hormones

  • VIP
  • pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide

Anatomical structures with this receptor

  • osteoblast

    Induced phenotypes

    • negative regulation of bone resorption
      • PACAP has been found to inhibit bone resorption by rabbit osteoblasts. [3]
    • VPAC1 receptors are expressed in human osteoblasts. [1]

  • brain

    Induced phenotypes

    • regulation of immune system process
      • Vasoactive intestinal peptide contributes ot homeostasis of the immune system. [4]
    • regulation of circadian rhythm
      • Vasoactive intestinal peptide regulates mammalian circadian clock. [5]
    • regulation of exocrine and endocrine secretion
      • Vasoactive intestinal peptide is a neuropeptide that contributes to regulation of intestinal secretion and motility, and of exocrine and endocrine secretions. [4]
    • sensory perception of pain
      • Vasoactive intestinal peptide participatse in pain perception. [6]
    • suppression of inflammation
      • Vasoactive intestinal peptide is important for suppression of inflammation. [7]

  • heart

  • kidney

    Induced phenotypes

    • positive regulation of vasodilation
      • The vasodilatory activity of PACAP has been documented in various organs including the kidney. [8]

  • placenta

    Induced phenotypes

    • regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure
      • Increased levels of VIP have been described in preeclampsia in women with untreated gestational proteinuric hypertension, representing a powerful compensatory mechanism to restore vascular perfusion of the uterus and placenta. [9]

  • hepatocyte

    Induced phenotypes

    • regulation of cell proliferation
      • The fact that VIP exerts a mitogenic action on rat hepatocytes strongly suggests that PACAP could be also involved in the control of liver cell proliferation via stimulation of adenylate cyclase. [10]

  • adrenal_cortex

    Influences

    • positive cortisol
      • Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was shown in a dose-dependent manner to increase cortisol secretion in human adrenocortical carcinoma, coupled with a parallel increase in cAMP accumulation. Treatment with the VPAC1 receptor agonist, produced a dose-dependent increase in cortisol secretion similar to that seen with VIP. [11]
      • VIP directly stimulates cortisol secretion via activation of the VPAC1 receptor subtype. [11]

  • cell_of_adrenal_gland_zona_glomerulosa

    Influences

    • positive aldosterone
      • VIP and PACAP, acting via VPAC1 coupled to adenylate cyclase- and phospholipase C-dependent cascades, stimulate aldosterone secretion from zona glomerulosa cells. [12]

  • chromaffin_cell

    Induced phenotypes

    • positive regulation of catecholamine secretion
      • PAPAC38 concentration-dependently increases catecholamine secretion from AM tissue. [13]

  • adrenal_medulla

    Influences

    • positive ACTH
      • There is proof that VIP and PACAP can also enhance aldosterone secretion indirectly, by eliciting the release from medullary chromaffin cells of catecholamines and adrenocorticotropic hormone, which in turn may act on the cortical cells in a paracrine manner. [12]
    • positive dopamine
      • VIP and PACAP stimulate the synthesis and release of adrenomedullary catecholamines, and all three subtypes of PACAP/VIP receptors mediate this effect, VPAC1 being coupled to both AC and PLC. [12]
    • positive norepinephrine
      • VIP and PACAP stimulate the synthesis and release of adrenomedullary catecholamines, and all three subtypes of PACAP/VIP receptors mediate this effect, VPAC1 being coupled to both AC and PLC. [12]
    • positive epinephrine
      • VIP and PACAP stimulate the synthesis and release of adrenomedullary catecholamines, and all three subtypes of PACAP/VIP receptors mediate this effect, VPAC1 being coupled to both AC and PLC. [12]

  • acinar_cell_of_pancreas

    Induced phenotypes

    • positive regulation of secretion
      • Both VIP receptor subtypes exist on pancreatic acini of rat and guinea pig, their activation stimulates enzyme secretion by a cAMP-mediated mechanism, and the effects of VIP are mediated 90% by activation of VPAC1 and 10% by VPAC2. [14]
    • Both VPAC1 and VPAC2 subtypes exist on pancreatic acini of rat and guinea pig. [14]
Reference