Details for anatomical structure: breast
- Top
- General information
- Related structures
- Hormones
- Receptors
-
Click to access the toolbox
- Top
- General information
- Related structures
- Hormones
- Receptors
-
Click to access the toolbox
To link to the content of EndoNet use the EndoNet ID that is given on the detail
pages in the format ENX0000, where X is a place holder for the type of
the component (e. g. R for receptor or C for anatomical structure).
As URL
for the linking append this ID to the detail page for this type of component.
For an hormone that would be:
http://endonet.bioinf.med.uni-goettingen.de/hormone/ENH00000
It is also possible to use the search of EndoNet to link to the right detail page. The URL should look like
http://endonet.bioinf.med.uni-goettingen.de/search/ENC00000If the search pattern is unambigious the user is directed to the corresponding detail page.
Synonyms
breast, mamma, MammaGeneral information
The organ of milk secretion; one of two hemispheric projections of variable size situated in the subcutaneous layer over the pectoralis muscle on either side of the chest of the mature female, it is rudimentary in the maleLinks to other resources
Cytomer | cy0051885 |
Related structures
Larger structures
Substructures
Secreted hormones
-
Hormone: alpha-AGP
- AGP, a highly glycosylated polypeptide chain, is expressed in human liver and in other cells, including human breast epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and cultured human granulocytes and monocytes. [1]
-
Hormone: SFRP1
-
Hormone: MSMB
-
Hormone: STC-2
- STC2 expression represents a downstream target of E2, P4 and RA signalling pathways in human breast cancer cell lines. [2]
Receptors
-
Receptor: PPARgamma1
- The peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is expressed in many cell types including mammary epithelium, ovary, macrophages, and B- and T-cells [3]
-
Receptor: ER-alpha
Influences:
-
Receptor: ER-beta
Influences:
-
Receptor: glypican 1
-
Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1
Induced phenotype:
- breast cancer
- In addition to the involvement of LPA2, there is evidence for contributions of LPA1 to the tumorigenic activity of LPA. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of LPA1 has been shown to reduce the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. [6]
- breast cancer
-
Receptor: PRLR
Induced phenotype:
- galactorrhea
- In humans, hyperprolactinemia has been shown to be associated with galactorrhea. [7]
- breast cancer
- Prolactin is thought to induce the proliferation of several lines of human breast cancer. [8]
- Not only 17 beta-estradiol but also prolactin is of major importance leading to enhanced proliferation of MXT mammary neoplastic cells. [9]
- The human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 is highly responsive to growth stimulation by homologous lactogenic hormones. This then affords a possible role of prolactin in growth and maintenance of human breast cancer. [10]
- The peptide hormone prolactin regulates proliferation of normal and malignant mammary cells. [11]
- galactorrhea