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Details for anatomical structure: chief cell of parathyroid gland

EndoNet ID: ENC00253

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Synonyms

chief cell of parathyroid gland, principal cell of parathyroid gland, Endocrinocytus parathyroideus

General information

A round clear cell with a centrally located nucleus; secreting parathyroid hormone

Links to other resources

Cytomer cy0011213

Larger structures

  • parathyroid_gland

Substructures

    Secreted hormones

    • Hormone: PTH

      • The active hormonal form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and its analogues can reduce serum PTH levels by repressing PTH gene transcription and blocking parathyroid gland proliferation. These actions are mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR) present in the PTH-secreting chief cells of the parathyroid glands. [1]
      • The PTH-secretion is inhibited by high Ca 2+ and stimulated by low Ca 2+ concentrations detected by a calcium receptor on the cell surface of the chief cells. [2]

      Influenced by:

      • VDR
        in chief_cell_of_parathyroid_gland
        • Binding of extracellular calcium to the CaSR makes it possible to suppress the secretion of parathyroide hormone (PTH) from the parathyroid glands in patients with overactivity of these glands. [3]
      • ETA-R
        in chief_cell_of_parathyroid_gland
        • ET-1 dose-dependently (10e-10 -10e-7 M) inhibited basal PTH secretion by dispersed parathyroid adenoma cells. [4]
        • ET-1 displays an in vitro inhibitory effect on basal PTH secretion and also counteracts PTH hypersecretion stimulated by low calcium. [5]
      • ETB-R
        in chief_cell_of_parathyroid_gland
        • Higher concentrations (10e-8 - 10e-7 M) of ET-3 were required to inhibit PTH secretion. These data are consistent with the less predominant expression of ETB receptor subtype in the adenomatous tissue. [4]

    • Hormone: endothelin-1

      • Parathyroid cells express endothelin receptors and secrete ET-1 in an extracellular Ca2+ concentration dependent manner. [6]

    Receptors

    • Receptor: VDR

      Influences:

      • PTH
        • Binding of extracellular calcium to the CaSR makes it possible to suppress the secretion of parathyroide hormone (PTH) from the parathyroid glands in patients with overactivity of these glands. [3]

    • Receptor: ETA-R

      Influences:

      • PTH
        • ET-1 dose-dependently (10e-10 -10e-7 M) inhibited basal PTH secretion by dispersed parathyroid adenoma cells. [4]
        • ET-1 displays an in vitro inhibitory effect on basal PTH secretion and also counteracts PTH hypersecretion stimulated by low calcium. [5]

    • Receptor: ETB-R

      Influences:

      • PTH
        • Higher concentrations (10e-8 - 10e-7 M) of ET-3 were required to inhibit PTH secretion. These data are consistent with the less predominant expression of ETB receptor subtype in the adenomatous tissue. [4]
    Reference