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Details for anatomical structure: mast cell

EndoNet ID: ENC00078

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Synonyms

mast cell, mastocyte, heparinocyte, labrocyte, Granulocytus basophilus textus

General information

contain Heparin and Histamin

Links to other resources

Cytomer cy0011312

Larger structures

  • eccrine_gland
  • bronchi
  • brain
  • gonads
  • lymph_node
  • breast
  • nasal_mucosa
  • pituitary_gland_of_diencephalon
  • adenohypophysis
  • cartilage
  • spleen
  • major_salivary_glands
  • ovary
  • lung
  • large_intestine
  • muscle
  • skin
  • uterus
  • immune_system
  • blood_vessel
  • liver
  • stomach
  • propria_mucosa_of_bronchus
  • small_intestine
  • gallbladder
  • eye
  • mucosa_of_gastric_wall
  • testis
  • central_nerve_system_element
  • skeleton_muscle
  • circulatory_system__hematopoietic_system
  • parts_of_human_body
  • digestive_system
  • urinary_bladder
  • prostate
  • oesophagus
  • trachea
  • mammary_gland

Substructures

    Secreted hormones

    • Hormone: interleukin 6

    • Hormone: IL-4

      • IL-4 and IL-13 are two cytokines produced by T helper type 2 cells, mast cells, and basophils. [1]

    • Hormone: IL-13

      • IL-4 and IL-13 are two cytokines produced by T helper type 2 cells, mast cells, and basophils. [1]

    • Hormone: C-C motif chemokine 2

      • Molecular regulation of interleukin-13 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in human mast cells by interleukin-1beta. [2]

    • Hormone: histamine

      Influenced by:

      • IgE receptor
        in mast_cell
      • CRF-R1
        in mast_cell
        • CRH activates mast cells via CRH-R1 to release of histamine and from there, vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. [3]
      • beta-2 adrenoreceptor
        in mast_cell
        • Beta2 adrenoreceptor inhibit the histamine release from mast cells. [4]

    • Hormone: PDGFA

    • Hormone: IL-3

      • Hematopoietic cytokines such as interleukin 3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), produced by activated T cells and mast cells, are potent growth factors for various hematopoietic cells, as well as immature multipotential hematopoietic progenitors. [6]

    • Hormone: GM-CSF

      • Hematopoietic cytokines such as interleukin 3 (IL-3) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), produced by activated T cells and mast cells, are potent growth factors for various hematopoietic cells, as well as immature multipotential hematopoietic progenitors. [6]

    • Hormone: PAF

    • Hormone: VEGF-206

    • Hormone: LTB4

    • Hormone: VEGF-165

      Influenced by:

      • CRF-R1
        in mast_cell
        • Activation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 leeds to selective release of VEGF without granulation.

    • Hormone: sphingosine 1-phosphate

      • Mast cells can secrete S1P when activated by thrombin or IgE-bound antigen, respectively. [7]

    Receptors

    • Receptor: beta-1 adrenoreceptor

      Induced phenotype:

      • negative regulation of angiogenesis
        • Blockade of β1- and β2-adrenoceptors increases the number of mast cells, promoting proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts. Additionally, blockade of β1- and β2-adrenoceptors increases the migration of mast cells, resulting in increased angiogenesis. [8]

    • Receptor: beta-2 adrenoreceptor

      Induced phenotype:

      • negative regulation of angiogenesis
        • Blockade of β1- and β2-adrenoceptors increases the number of mast cells, promoting proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts. Additionally, blockade of β1- and β2-adrenoceptors increases the migration of mast cells, resulting in increased angiogenesis. [8]

      Influences:

      • histamine
        • Beta2 adrenoreceptor inhibit the histamine release from mast cells. [4]

    • Receptor: histamine H4 receptor

    • Receptor: SCFR

    • Receptor: basigin

    • Receptor: IgE receptor

      Influences:

      • histamine

    • Receptor: IgE Fc receptor gamma-subunit

    • Receptor: IgE Fc receptor, alpha-subunit

    • Receptor: IgE Fc receptor, subunit beta

    • Receptor: CRF-R1

      Induced phenotype:

      • mast cell activation
        • Corticotropin-releasing hormone is secreted outside the brain where it exerts proinflammatory effects, possibly through mast cell activation. [9]

      Influences:

      • histamine
        • CRH activates mast cells via CRH-R1 to release of histamine and from there, vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. [3]
      • VEGF-165
        • Activation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 leeds to selective release of VEGF without granulation.

    • Receptor: Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1

      • VR1 expression was observed on dermal mast cells and mast cell line HMC1 both at the protein and at the mRNA levels. [10]

      Induced phenotype:

      • Pruritus
        • Vanilloid receptor subtype 1 (VR1) is an important regulator of the cutaneous neuroimmune system. [10]
        • Direct activation of VR1 on mast cells may lead to the release of mast cell mediators which then are able to induce pruritus by binding to histamine- and proteinase-activated-2 (PAR-2) receptors on sensory nerve fibers. [10]

    • Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1

      Induced phenotype:

      • positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis
        • Loss of S1PR1 results in decreased chemotactic motility. [11]
        • The positive effect of S1PR1 on mast-cell chemotactic motility is counteracted by S1PR2 expression. [11]

    • Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2

      Induced phenotype:

      • negative regulation of mast cell degranulation
        • Loss of S1PR2 inhibits high-affinity Fc receptor for IgE-induced mast-cell degranulation (that is, the ability to release granule-stored mast-cell allergic mediators such as histamine). [12]
    Reference