Details for messenger / hormone: estradiol

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EndoNet ID: ENH00023

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Synonyms

estradiol
E2
17beta-estradiol
17beta-oestradiol
1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,17beta-diol

General information

Estradiol attenuates acinar cell apoptosis and development of chronic pancreatitis. [1]
E2 has positive effect on cholinergic neurons that project from the basal nucleus to the forebrain cortex. [2]
E2 acts on the (Na+ + K+)-ATPase not directly, but by means of a mediator released within the myocyte. [3]
E2 treatment decreases airway responsiveness to acetylcholine in ovariectomized rats. [4]
The estrogenized osteoporotic skeleton is less sensitive to the acute bone resorbing effects of PTH. [5]
E2 reduces adrenal angiotensin receptor expression in both the presence and absence of dexamethasone in NaCl-deprived rats. [6]
Estrogen is known to increase insulin-like growth factor-1 production from some osteoblastic cells in-vitro. [5]
Estradiol increases long-term potentiation magnitude in apoE4-TR. [7]

Classification

Hormone function

CNS function
- learning / memory
- pain
- mood / behaviour
- circadian rhythm / sleep
- stress response
- motor activity
- neurotransmitter
homeostasis
- tissue homeostasis
- pulmonary control
- hormone precursor
- cardiovascular control
- ion flow control
- further hormone secretion
development and growth
- cancer / metastasis
- growth stimulation
- growth inhibition
- apoptosis
- embryogenesis
- environment adaptation
immune response
- activation
- inhibition
metabolism
- cell metabolism
- nutrient supply
reproduction and sexual differentiation
- sexual differentiation
- reproduction

Chemical classification

hormone
- genome-encoded
  - insulin-like growth factor binding protein related
  - IGFBP family
  - somatostatin family
  - galanin-family
  - parathyroid hormone family
  - kisspeptin family
  - GnRH family
  - peptidase S1 family
  - collagen-like domain
  - Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
  - resistin/FIZZ family
  - serpin family
  - frizzled family
  - TRH family
  - CCN family
  - antimicrobial peptides
    - alpha-defensin family
    - beta-defensin family
  - immunoglobulin superfamily
  - POMC family
  - corticotrophin-releasing factor family
  - natriuretic peptides
  - apelins
  - calcitonin family
  - Wnt family
  - peptide neurotransmitters
    - neurotensins
    - tachykinins
    - endothelins
    - neuropeptide B/W family
    - FaRP family
    - opioid neuropeptides
    - NPY family
  - chemotaxins
  - kinins
  - polyglutamine proteins
  - vasopressin/oxytocin family
  - insulin family
  - lipocalins/fatty acid-binding proteins
  - chromogranin/secretogranin family
  - thymosin beta family
  - cytokines
    - FAM3 family
    - granulin family
    - IL-1 family
    - osteopontin family
    - Leptin family
    - neuregulin-family
    - IL-10 family
    - heparin-binding growth factors
    - PDGF/VEGF growth factor family
    - IL-17 family
    - TNF family
    - EGF family
    - interferons
    - IL-6-type cytokines
    - TGF-beta family
    - chemokines
      - C chemokines
      - CXC chemokines
      - CC chemokines
  - gastrointestinal hormones
    - preprogastrin-derived peptides
      - non-classical gastrins
      - classical gastrins
    - incretins
  - apoproteins
  - small-molecule neurotransmitters
  - glucagon family
  - glycoprotein hormones family
    - stanniocalcin family
    - gonadotropic hormones
  - renin-angiotensin system
  - growth hormones
  - endothelin/sarafotoxin family
  - ephrin family
  - fetuin family
  - cystatin family
  - AVIT (prokineticin) family
  - SAA family
- not genome-encoded
  - phospholipid derivatives
  - sterol lipids
    - steroids
      - progestins
      - estrogens
      - androgens
      - mineralcorticoids
      - glucocorticoids
    - secosteroids
  - eicosanoids/fatty acid derivatives
    - hydroxy/hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acids
    - hydroxy/hydroperoxyeicosapentaenoic acids
    - isoprostanes
    - levuglandins
    - hepoxilins
    - lipoxins
    - leukotrienes
    - prostanoids
      - prostacyclins
      - prostaglandins
      - thromboxanes
  - amino acids
    - aspartic acids
    - glutamate-derived
    - tryptophan-derived
    - tyrosine-derived
      - catecholamines
      - thyroid hormones

Composition

KEGG

C00951

Links to other resources

KEGG	C00951
LIPID MAPS	LMST02010001
LipidBank	SST0064

Anatomical structure: granulosa_cell
- Aromatase converts androstenidione from the theca cells of the ovary to estradiol. [8]
- In response to the P450arom induced in the granulosa cells by FSH stimulation, the androstenedione is aromatized to estrone, which then is converted to estradiol by the 17beta-HSD. [9]
Influenced by:
- follitropin receptor
  in granulosa_cell
- BMP receptor type IB
  in granulosa_cell
  BMP-4 and BMP-7 enhance FSH-dependent estradiol production, suggesting that BMP factors regulate granulosa cell differentiation, particularty in delaying the luteinization process. [10]

Targets

Cell	ER-alpha	ER-alpha:ER-beta	ER-beta	SHBG-R
adrenal gland	Present Phenotypes adrenal gland function
arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus	Present Phenotypes regulation of synapse organization Influences ↓ metastin		Present Phenotypes regulation of synapse organization Influences ↓ GnRH-I ↓ metastin
basophil gonadotroph cell of anterior pituitary FSH	Present Influences FSH LH	Present Influences ↓ FSH
breast	Present Influences ↓ adiponectin		Present Influences ↓ adiponectin
cell of apocrine sweat gland			Present
cell of endometrium of uterus	Present Influences ↑ IL-11 ↑ VEGF-165		Present Influences ↑ VEGF-165
corpus luteum			Present Phenotypes vasculogenesis
eccrine sweat glands	Present Phenotypes regulation of cellular calcium homeostasis		Present Phenotypes regulation of cellular calcium homeostasis
epidermis	Present Phenotypes regulation of water loss via skin wound healing		Present Phenotypes regulation of water loss via skin wound healing
fibroblast			Present Influences ↑ FGF-7
granulosa cell	Present Phenotypes reproduction ovarian follicle development		Present Phenotypes reproduction ovarian follicle development
growth plate	Present Phenotypes regulation of pubertal skeletal growth positive regulation of bone mineralization positive regulation of ossification		Present Phenotypes regulation of pubertal skeletal growth positive regulation of bone mineralization positive regulation of ossification
hair follicle	Present Phenotypes hair growth		Present Phenotypes hair growth
hippocampus	Present Phenotypes positive regulation of synaptic plasticity
kidney	Present Phenotypes diabetic glomerulosclerosis
Leydig cell of testis	Present Phenotypes steroidogenesis		Present Phenotypes steroidogenesis
liver	Present Phenotypes mediation of effects from thymus on liver Influences ↑ CBG		Present Phenotypes mediation of effects from thymus on liver
lung	Present Phenotypes bronchial asthma		Present Phenotypes positive regulation of angiogenesis
macrophage	Present Phenotypes regulation of inflammatory response
mammary gland	Present Phenotypes mammary gland development		Present Phenotypes mammary gland development
microglial cell in central nervous system			Present Phenotypes regulation of inflammatory response
osteoblast	Present Phenotypes antiapoptotic effect Influences ↑ IGF-1 ↑ IGFBP-4		Present Influences ↑ IGF-1 ↑ IGFBP-4
osteoclast	Present Phenotypes negative regulation of osteoclast proliferation positive regulation of ossification		Present Phenotypes negative regulation of osteoclast proliferation
osteocyte			Present Phenotypes detection of mechanical stimulus
pituitary gland of diencephalon		Present Influences ↓ LH
placenta	Present Influences ↑ leptin
prostate	Present Phenotypes prostate cancer		Present Phenotypes prostate cancer	Present Influences ↑ free PSA
sebaceous glands	Present Phenotypes sebaceous gland development		Present Phenotypes sebaceous gland development
Sertoli cell			Present Phenotypes spermatogenesis
smooth muscle			Present Phenotypes vascular smooth muscle cell development
theca lutein cell			Present Influences ↓ testosterone ↓ androstenedione
uterus	Present Influences ↓ testosterone		Present Influences ↓ testosterone
vascularendothelial cell			Present Phenotypes positive regulation of angiogenesis

Reference

EndoNet

The information resource about the endocrine network in human.