Details for anatomical structure: osteoblast

Related structures
Hormones
Receptors
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EndoNet ID: ENC00093

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Synonyms

osteoblast, Gegenbaur`s cell, osteoplast, bone cell, skeletogenous cell, Osteoblastocytus

General information

They are responsible for the formation of the specialized interstitia matrix, the osteoid, and for the calzification of the osteoid into bone matrix

Links to other resources

Cytomer

cy0052318

Larger structures

Substructures

Secreted hormones

Hormone: TGF-beta 2
- In osteoblasts, TGF-beta 2 gene transcription is increased by 1alpha,25(OH)2D3. [1]
- Osteoblasts expresses mRNA transcripts of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta 3, TGF-beta type I and type II receptors. [2]
Influenced by:
- VDR
  in osteoblast
Hormone: TGF-beta 1
- Osteoblasts expresses mRNA transcripts of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta 3, TGF-beta type I and type II receptors. [2]
Hormone: TGF-beta 3
- Osteoblasts expresses mRNA transcripts of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta 3, TGF-beta type I and type II receptors. [2]
Hormone: IL-11
- IL-11 is produced by a variety of stromal cells including fibroblasts, epithelial cells and osteoblasts. [3]
- IL-11 is an IL-6-type cytokine, which inhibits adipogenesis and activates osteoclasts. [4]
Influenced by:
- beta-2 adrenoreceptor
  in osteoblast
  Interleukin-6 and interleukin-11 synthesis is stimulated by epinephrine in human osteoblasts. [4]
Hormone: C-C motif chemokine 2
- OSM induces CCL-2 expression in osteoblasts. [5]
Hormone: IL-18
Hormone: BMP-3
Hormone: IGF-1
- IGF-1 and IGF-2 are expressed by osteoblasts and act locally to stimulate both bone formation and resorption. [6]
Influenced by:
- AR
  in osteoblast
  The nonaromatizable androgen, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5alphaDHT), and testosterone, but not dehydroepiandrosterone, increased IGF-I messenger RNA (mRNA) levels up to 4-fold in a dose (10(-12)-10(-6) M)- and time (2-72 h)-dependent fashion. [7]
- ER-alpha
  in osteoblast
  Human fetal osteoblast cells (hFOB/ER9) with E2 increased steady state levels of IGF-I mRNA in a time- and dose- dependent fashion with a maximal increase of 319% +/- 33% (P < 0.01) of control occurring after treatment with 10(-7) M E2 for 48 hours. [8]
- ER-beta
  in osteoblast
  Human fetal osteoblast cells (hFOB/ER9) with E2 increased steady state levels of IGF-I mRNA in a time- and dose- dependent fashion with a maximal increase of 319% +/- 33% (P < 0.01) of control occurring after treatment with 10(-7) M E2 for 48 hours. [8]
Hormone: RANKL
- PTH and VD3 (calcitriol) increase the expression of RANKL on the surface of osteoblasts and bone marrow stem cells. [6]
Influenced by:
- VDR
  in osteoblast
- PTHR1
  in osteoblast
Hormone: interleukin 6
- Sex hormones suppress the synthesis and secretion of IL-6 by osteoblasts and bone marrow stem cells. [6]
- IL-6 is a potent regulator for osteoclast differentiation and elicits bone resorption in in vivo and in vitro models that contain early osteoclast precursors. [4]
- IL-6 and IL-11, synthesized in osteoblasts, are important stimulators of osteoclast development and physiologically regulate bone metabolism. [4]
Influenced by:
- PTHR1
  in osteoblast
  Il-6 is produced by osteoblasts, and its production is stimulated by PTH and PGE2. [9]
- EP3
  in osteoblast
  Il-6 is produced by osteoblasts, and its production is stimulated by PTH and PGE2. [9]
- EP4
  in osteoblast
  Il-6 is produced by osteoblasts, and its production is stimulated by PTH and PGE2. [9]
- IL-4Ralpha
  in osteoblast
  Receptor-blocking antibodies to IL-4Ralpha inhibited the induction of IL-6 formation by both IL-4 and IL-13. IL-4 was tenfold more potent than IL-13 in inducing both alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and IL-6 secretion, whereas the cytokines were equipotent as inhibitors of cell proliferation. [10]
- beta-2 adrenoreceptor
  in osteoblast
  The maximum level of IL-6 production was over 40 pg/mL after 6 hr. The maximum level of IL-6 production was obtained at 10–100 μM epinephrine. [4]
- bradykinin receptor B2
  in osteoblast
  Bradykinin increased the synthesis of both IL-6 and PGE(2) and the increase in both was blocked by HOE140 (B2R antagonist). [11]
  Bradykinin increased IL-6 and PGE2 synthesis via B2R but not B1R. [11]
Hormone: M-CSF
- In vivo, CSF-1 synthesis by osteoblasts is temporally and spatially related to sites of osteoclast development. [12]
Influenced by:
- PTHR1
  in osteoblast
  Stromal cells and osteoblasts express RANKL and M-CSF, which are up-regulated by osteoclastogenic molecules such as PTH. [13]
Hormone: IGFBP-4
Influenced by:
- AR
  in osteoblast
  5-alpha-DHT decreased IGFBP-4 mRNA and protein levels by 2- and 4-fold. [7]
- ER-alpha
  in osteoblast
  Treatment with E2 at 0.01-10 nM for 48 h increased IGFBP-4 mRNA to 346% +/- 90% (mean +/- SE) of control (p < 0.05) and IGFBP-4 protein to 278% +/- 75% of control (p < 0.01) in a dose-dependent fashion. [8]
- ER-beta
  in osteoblast
  Treatment with E2 at 0.01-10 nM for 48 h increased IGFBP-4 mRNA to 346% +/- 90% (mean +/- SE) of control (p < 0.05) and IGFBP-4 protein to 278% +/- 75% of control (p < 0.01) in a dose-dependent fashion [8]
Hormone: IGFBP-2
Influenced by:
- AR
  in osteoblast
  5-alpha-DHT increased IGFBP-2 and -3 mRNA and protein levels by 6- and 7-fold (for mRNA) and 3- and 5-fold (for protein). [7]
Hormone: IGFBP-3
Influenced by:
- AR
  in osteoblast
  5-alpha-DHT increased IGFBP-2 and -3 mRNA and protein levels by 6- and 7-fold (for mRNA) and 3- and 5-fold (for protein). [7]
Hormone: PGE2
Influenced by:
- IL-4Ralpha
  in osteoblast
- bradykinin receptor B2
  in osteoblast
  Bradykinin increased the synthesis of both IL-6 and PGE(2) and the increase in both was blocked by HOE140 (B2R antagonist). [11]
  [11]
- bradykinin receptor B1
  in osteoblast
  The B2 receptors are linked to a burst of prostanoid release, whereas the B1 receptors mediate a delayed prostaglandin response [14]
Hormone: amphiregulin
- Amphiregulin (AR) is a potent growth factor for the preosteoblast but it also strongly inhibits osteoblast differentiation. [15]
Influenced by:
- PTHR1
  in osteoblast
  PTH rapidly and strongly stimulates the expression of amphiregulin not only in several osteoblastic cell lines but also in bone. [15]
- EP3
  in osteoblast
  In addition to PTH, PGE2 also strongly stimulates AR expression through the CREB phosphorylation pathway. [15]
- EP4
  in osteoblast
  In addition to PTH, PGE2 also strongly stimulates AR expression through the CREB phosphorylation pathway. [15]
Hormone: osteopontin
Hormone: osteonectin
Hormone: vitronectin
Hormone: osteocalcin
Hormone: decorin
Hormone: thrombospondin 1
Hormone: IL-1 alpha
Hormone: IL-1 beta
Hormone: IL-11
Hormone: CNTF
Hormone: TNF-alpha
Hormone: LIF
Hormone: M-CSF
Hormone: oncostatin M
Hormone: VEGF-165
Hormone: IAPP
Hormone: cardiotrophin 1
Hormone: osteomodulin
Hormone: bone sialoprotein 2
Hormone: IGF
Hormone: Dkk1
Hormone: sFRP-2
Hormone: sclerostin
Hormone: sclerostin
Hormone: noggin
Hormone: gremlin-2
Hormone: Wnt-1
Hormone: Wnt-4
Hormone: WNT9A
Hormone: Wnt-7b
- Wnt7b is produced by osteoblasts. [16]
Hormone: WISP-2
Hormone: chordin-like protein 2
Hormone: EGF
Hormone: IGF-2
- IGF-1 and IGF-2 are expressed by osteoblasts and act locally to stimulate both bone formation and resorption. [6]
Hormone: PGI2
Influenced by:
- bradykinin receptor B2
  in osteoblast
  The B2 receptors are linked to a burst of prostanoid release. [14]
- bradykinin receptor B1
  in osteoblast

Receptors

Receptor: ER-alpha
Induced phenotype:
- antiapoptotic effect
  
  The membrane localization of ER alpha and its interaction with caveolin-1 are required for stretching-induced external signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) activation and anti-apoptosis in osteocytes and osteoblasts. [17]
Influences:
- IGF-1
  
  Human fetal osteoblast cells (hFOB/ER9) with E2 increased steady state levels of IGF-I mRNA in a time- and dose- dependent fashion with a maximal increase of 319% +/- 33% (P < 0.01) of control occurring after treatment with 10(-7) M E2 for 48 hours. [8]
- IGFBP-4
  
  Treatment with E2 at 0.01-10 nM for 48 h increased IGFBP-4 mRNA to 346% +/- 90% (mean +/- SE) of control (p < 0.05) and IGFBP-4 protein to 278% +/- 75% of control (p < 0.01) in a dose-dependent fashion. [8]
Receptor: ER-beta
Influences:
- IGF-1
  
  Human fetal osteoblast cells (hFOB/ER9) with E2 increased steady state levels of IGF-I mRNA in a time- and dose- dependent fashion with a maximal increase of 319% +/- 33% (P < 0.01) of control occurring after treatment with 10(-7) M E2 for 48 hours. [8]
- IGFBP-4
  
  Treatment with E2 at 0.01-10 nM for 48 h increased IGFBP-4 mRNA to 346% +/- 90% (mean +/- SE) of control (p < 0.05) and IGFBP-4 protein to 278% +/- 75% of control (p < 0.01) in a dose-dependent fashion [8]
Receptor: AR
Influences:
- IGF-1
  
  The nonaromatizable androgen, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5alphaDHT), and testosterone, but not dehydroepiandrosterone, increased IGF-I messenger RNA (mRNA) levels up to 4-fold in a dose (10(-12)-10(-6) M)- and time (2-72 h)-dependent fashion. [7]
- IGFBP-4
  
  5-alpha-DHT decreased IGFBP-4 mRNA and protein levels by 2- and 4-fold. [7]
- IGFBP-2
  
  5-alpha-DHT increased IGFBP-2 and -3 mRNA and protein levels by 6- and 7-fold (for mRNA) and 3- and 5-fold (for protein). [7]
- IGFBP-3
  
  5-alpha-DHT increased IGFBP-2 and -3 mRNA and protein levels by 6- and 7-fold (for mRNA) and 3- and 5-fold (for protein). [7]
Receptor: IL-1RI
Receptor: VDR
Induced phenotype:
- regulation of gene expression
  
  After binding of calcitriol vitamin D receptor regulates gene transcription by binding to vitamin D responsive elements in promotor region of target genes. [18]
- alopecia
  
  Functional inactivation of vitamin D receptor results in alopecia. [18]
- mineral metabolism
  
  Calcitriol, the biologically active form of vitamin D, is essential for intact mineral metabolism,has important roles in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. [19]
- rickets
  
  Functional inactivation of vitamin D receptor results in rickets. [18]
Influences:
- TGF-beta 2
- RANKL
- FGF-23
  
  The bone, likely the osteoblast or its precursor cell, is a major source of FGF23 in response to 1alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3. [20]
  This establishes a reciprocal relationship between 1,25(OH)2D3 and FGF23, with phosphatemic 1,25(OH)2D3 hormone generated in the kidney, inducing skeletal endocrine cells to produce FGF23, which then feedback represses renal 1alpha-OHase to curtail 1,25(OH)2D3 biosynthesis as well as inhibits the renal reabsorption of phosphate to elicit phosphaturia. [20]
  1,25(OH)2D3-induced FGF23 from bone constitutes the final link in a renal-gastrointestinal-skeletal axis that controls serum phosphate and active vitamin D levels. [20]
Receptor: TGF-beta type II receptor
Receptor: TGF-beta type I receptor
Receptor: PTHR1
Influences:
- RANKL
- M-CSF
  
  Stromal cells and osteoblasts express RANKL and M-CSF, which are up-regulated by osteoclastogenic molecules such as PTH. [13]
- interleukin 6
  
  Il-6 is produced by osteoblasts, and its production is stimulated by PTH and PGE2. [9]
- amphiregulin
  
  PTH rapidly and strongly stimulates the expression of amphiregulin not only in several osteoblastic cell lines but also in bone. [15]
Receptor: EP3
Influences:
- interleukin 6
  
  Il-6 is produced by osteoblasts, and its production is stimulated by PTH and PGE2. [9]
- amphiregulin
  
  In addition to PTH, PGE2 also strongly stimulates AR expression through the CREB phosphorylation pathway. [15]
Receptor: EP4
Influences:
- interleukin 6
  
  Il-6 is produced by osteoblasts, and its production is stimulated by PTH and PGE2. [9]
- amphiregulin
  
  In addition to PTH, PGE2 also strongly stimulates AR expression through the CREB phosphorylation pathway. [15]
Receptor: IGF-1R
Receptor: IL-13Ralpha
Receptor: IL-4Ralpha
Influences:
- interleukin 6
  
  Receptor-blocking antibodies to IL-4Ralpha inhibited the induction of IL-6 formation by both IL-4 and IL-13. IL-4 was tenfold more potent than IL-13 in inducing both alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and IL-6 secretion, whereas the cytokines were equipotent as inhibitors of cell proliferation. [10]
- PGE2
Receptor: beta-2 adrenoreceptor
Influences:
- interleukin 6
  
  The maximum level of IL-6 production was over 40 pg/mL after 6 hr. The maximum level of IL-6 production was obtained at 10–100 μM epinephrine. [4]
- IL-11
  
  Interleukin-6 and interleukin-11 synthesis is stimulated by epinephrine in human osteoblasts. [4]
Receptor: calcitonin-receptor-like receptor
Receptor: VPAC1
- VPAC1 receptors are expressed in human osteoblasts. [21]
Induced phenotype:
- negative regulation of bone resorption
  
  PACAP has been found to inhibit bone resorption by rabbit osteoblasts. [22]
Receptor: NPY1-R
Receptor: bradykinin receptor B2
Influences:
- interleukin 6
  
  Bradykinin increased the synthesis of both IL-6 and PGE(2) and the increase in both was blocked by HOE140 (B2R antagonist). [11]
  Bradykinin increased IL-6 and PGE2 synthesis via B2R but not B1R. [11]
- PGE2
  
  Bradykinin increased the synthesis of both IL-6 and PGE(2) and the increase in both was blocked by HOE140 (B2R antagonist). [11]
  [11]
- PGI2
  
  The B2 receptors are linked to a burst of prostanoid release. [14]
Receptor: bradykinin receptor B1
- The angiogenic effect of BK is due to the direct activation of B1 receptor on capillary endothelial cells, which transduces the autocrine up-regulation of FGF-2 by the endogenous activation of the NOS pathway. [23]
Influences:
- PGE2
  
  The B2 receptors are linked to a burst of prostanoid release, whereas the B1 receptors mediate a delayed prostaglandin response [14]
- PGI2
Receptor: OPG
Receptor: LRP5
Receptor: kremen 1
Receptor: THRA1
Receptor: THRB1
Receptor: thyroid hormone receptor alpha2
Receptor: thyroid hormone receptor beta 2
Receptor: Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B
Induced phenotype:
- negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation
  
  Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B specifically inhibits osteoclastogenesis in a dose-dependent manner elicited through three distinct signaling patways stimulated by 1alpha,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3, parathyroid hormone, and interleukin-11. [24]
- Paget disease, juvenlie
  
  Juvenile Paget disease can result from osteoprotegerin deficiency by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the TNFRSF11B gene. [25]
Receptor: PRLR
Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2
Induced phenotype:
- positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation
  
  S1P is a potent osteoblast mitogen in vitro, exerting its proliferative effects in part via a signaling pathway that involves edg5. [26]
Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1
Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 5
Receptor: Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1
Induced phenotype:
- skeletal system development
  
  The finding of craniofacial deformities in mice in which the gene for edg-2 has been deleted suggests that phospholipids may participate in skeletal development. [27]

Reference

EndoNet

The information resource about the endocrine network in human.

Details for anatomical structure: osteoblast

Synonyms

General information

Links to other resources

Related structures

Larger structures

Substructures

Secreted hormones

Hormone: TGF-beta 2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_0_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:0:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_0_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:0:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:0:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: TGF-beta 1 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_1_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:1:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_1_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:1:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:1:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: TGF-beta 3 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_2_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:2:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_2_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:2:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:2:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: IL-11 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_3_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:3:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_3_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:3:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:3:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: C-C motif chemokine 2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_4_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:4:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_4_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:4:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:4:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: IL-18 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_5_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:5:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_5_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:5:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:5:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: BMP-3 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_6_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:6:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_6_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:6:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:6:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: IGF-1 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_7_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:7:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_7_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:7:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:7:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: RANKL ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_8_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:8:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_8_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:8:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:8:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: interleukin 6 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_9_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:9:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_9_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:9:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:9:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: M-CSF ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_10_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:10:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_10_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:10:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:10:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: IGFBP-4 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_11_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:11:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_11_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:11:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:11:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: IGFBP-2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_12_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:12:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_12_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:12:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:12:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: IGFBP-3 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_13_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:13:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_13_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:13:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:13:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: PGE2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_14_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:14:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_14_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:14:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:14:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: amphiregulin ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_15_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:15:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_15_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:15:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:15:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Hormone: osteopontin ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_16_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:16:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_16_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:16:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:16:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: osteonectin ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_17_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:17:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_17_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:17:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:17:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: vitronectin ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_18_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:18:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_18_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:18:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:18:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: osteocalcin ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_19_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:19:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_19_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:19:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:19:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: decorin ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_20_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:20:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_20_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:20:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:20:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: thrombospondin 1 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_21_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:21:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_21_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:21:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:21:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: IL-1 alpha ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_22_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:22:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_22_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:22:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:22:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: IL-1 beta ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_23_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:23:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_23_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:23:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:23:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: IL-11 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_24_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:24:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_24_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:24:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:24:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: CNTF ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_25_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:25:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_25_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:25:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:25:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: TNF-alpha ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_26_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:26:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_26_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:26:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:26:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: LIF ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_27_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:27:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_27_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:27:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:27:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: M-CSF ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_28_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:28:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_28_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:28:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:28:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: oncostatin M ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_29_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:29:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_29_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:29:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:29:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: VEGF-165 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_30_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:30:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_30_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:30:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:30:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: IAPP ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_31_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:31:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_31_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:31:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:31:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: cardiotrophin 1 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_32_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:32:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_32_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:32:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:32:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: osteomodulin ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_33_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:33:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_33_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:33:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:33:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: bone sialoprotein 2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_34_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:34:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_34_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:34:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:34:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: IGF ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_35_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:35:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_35_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:35:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:35:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: Dkk1 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_36_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:36:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_36_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:36:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:36:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: sFRP-2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_37_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:37:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_37_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:37:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:37:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: sclerostin ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_38_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:38:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_38_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:38:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:38:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: sclerostin ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_39_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:39:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_39_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:39:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:39:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: noggin ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_40_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:40:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_40_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:40:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:40:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: gremlin-2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_41_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:41:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_41_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:41:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:41:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: Wnt-1 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_42_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:42:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_42_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:42:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:42:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: Wnt-4 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_43_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:43:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_43_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:43:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:43:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: WNT9A ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_44_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:44:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_44_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:44:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:44:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: Wnt-7b ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_45_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:45:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_45_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:45:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:45:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: WISP-2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_46_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:46:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_46_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:46:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:46:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: chordin-like protein 2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_47_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:47:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_47_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:47:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:47:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: EGF ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_48_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:48:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_48_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:48:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:48:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: IGF-2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_49_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:49:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_49_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:49:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:49:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: PGI2 ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt91_50_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt91:50:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt91_50_j_idt99',{id:'j_idt91:50:j_idt99',target:'j_idt91:50:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influenced by:

Receptors

Receptor: ER-alpha ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt139_0_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt139:0:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt139_0_j_idt145',{id:'j_idt139:0:j_idt145',target:'j_idt139:0:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Induced phenotype:

Influences:

Receptor: ER-beta ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt139_1_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt139:1:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt139_1_j_idt145',{id:'j_idt139:1:j_idt145',target:'j_idt139:1:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Influences:

Receptor: AR ui-buttonPrimeFaces.cw('CommandButton','widget_j_idt139_2_toolsBtn',{id:'j_idt139:2:toolsBtn'}); $(function(){PrimeFaces.cw('OverlayPanel','widget_j_idt139_2_j_idt145',{id:'j_idt139:2:j_idt145',target:'j_idt139:2:toolsBtn',dynamic:true});});

Hormone: TGF-beta 2

Hormone: TGF-beta 1

Hormone: TGF-beta 3

Hormone: IL-11

Hormone: C-C motif chemokine 2

Hormone: IL-18

Hormone: BMP-3

Hormone: IGF-1

Hormone: RANKL

Hormone: interleukin 6

Hormone: M-CSF

Hormone: IGFBP-4

Hormone: IGFBP-2

Hormone: IGFBP-3

Hormone: PGE2

Hormone: amphiregulin

Hormone: osteopontin

Hormone: osteonectin

Hormone: vitronectin

Hormone: osteocalcin

Hormone: decorin

Hormone: thrombospondin 1

Hormone: IL-1 alpha

Hormone: IL-1 beta

Hormone: IL-11

Hormone: CNTF

Hormone: TNF-alpha

Hormone: LIF

Hormone: M-CSF

Hormone: oncostatin M

Hormone: VEGF-165

Hormone: IAPP

Hormone: cardiotrophin 1

Hormone: osteomodulin

Hormone: bone sialoprotein 2

Hormone: IGF

Hormone: Dkk1

Hormone: sFRP-2

Hormone: sclerostin

Hormone: sclerostin

Hormone: noggin

Hormone: gremlin-2

Hormone: Wnt-1

Hormone: Wnt-4

Hormone: WNT9A

Hormone: Wnt-7b

Hormone: WISP-2

Hormone: chordin-like protein 2

Hormone: EGF

Hormone: IGF-2

Hormone: PGI2

Receptor: ER-alpha

Receptor: ER-beta

Receptor: AR

Receptor: IL-1RI

Receptor: VDR

Receptor: TGF-beta type II receptor

Receptor: TGF-beta type I receptor

Receptor: PTHR1

Receptor: EP3

Receptor: EP4

Receptor: IGF-1R

Receptor: IL-13Ralpha

Receptor: IL-4Ralpha

Receptor: beta-2 adrenoreceptor

Receptor: calcitonin-receptor-like receptor

Receptor: VPAC1

Receptor: NPY1-R

Receptor: bradykinin receptor B2

Receptor: bradykinin receptor B1

Receptor: OPG

Receptor: LRP5

Receptor: kremen 1

Receptor: THRA1

Receptor: THRB1

Receptor: thyroid hormone receptor alpha2

Receptor: thyroid hormone receptor beta 2

Receptor: PRLR

Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2

Receptor: Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1