Details for messenger / hormone: lysophosphatidic acid

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Classification
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Secretions
Targets
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EndoNet ID: ENH01113

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Synonyms

lysophosphatidic acid
LPA
lysoPA
1-oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid
1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

General information

LPA acts as a potent mitogen due to its activation of three high-affinity G-protein-coupled receptors called LPA1, LPA2, and LPA3 (also known as EDG2, EDG4, and EDG7) [1]
LPA stimulates the growth of fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and keratinocytes; furthermore, it promotes cellular tension and cell-surface fibronectin binding, which are important events in wound repair [1]
LPA receptor pathways are also activation of the small GTP-binding proteins Ras and Rho [1]

Classification

Hormone function

CNS function
- learning / memory
- pain
- mood / behaviour
- circadian rhythm / sleep
- stress response
- motor activity
- neurotransmitter
homeostasis
- tissue homeostasis
- pulmonary control
- hormone precursor
- cardiovascular control
- ion flow control
- further hormone secretion
development and growth
- cancer / metastasis
- growth stimulation
- growth inhibition
- apoptosis
- embryogenesis
- environment adaptation
immune response
- activation
- inhibition
metabolism
- cell metabolism
- nutrient supply
reproduction and sexual differentiation
- sexual differentiation
- reproduction

Chemical classification

hormone
- genome-encoded
  - insulin-like growth factor binding protein related
  - IGFBP family
  - somatostatin family
  - galanin-family
  - parathyroid hormone family
  - kisspeptin family
  - GnRH family
  - peptidase S1 family
  - collagen-like domain
  - Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
  - resistin/FIZZ family
  - serpin family
  - frizzled family
  - TRH family
  - CCN family
  - antimicrobial peptides
    - alpha-defensin family
    - beta-defensin family
  - immunoglobulin superfamily
  - POMC family
  - corticotrophin-releasing factor family
  - natriuretic peptides
  - apelins
  - calcitonin family
  - Wnt family
  - peptide neurotransmitters
    - neurotensins
    - tachykinins
    - endothelins
    - neuropeptide B/W family
    - FaRP family
    - opioid neuropeptides
    - NPY family
  - chemotaxins
  - kinins
  - polyglutamine proteins
  - vasopressin/oxytocin family
  - insulin family
  - lipocalins/fatty acid-binding proteins
  - chromogranin/secretogranin family
  - thymosin beta family
  - cytokines
    - FAM3 family
    - granulin family
    - IL-1 family
    - osteopontin family
    - Leptin family
    - neuregulin-family
    - IL-10 family
    - heparin-binding growth factors
    - PDGF/VEGF growth factor family
    - IL-17 family
    - TNF family
    - EGF family
    - interferons
    - IL-6-type cytokines
    - TGF-beta family
    - chemokines
      - C chemokines
      - CXC chemokines
      - CC chemokines
  - gastrointestinal hormones
    - preprogastrin-derived peptides
      - non-classical gastrins
      - classical gastrins
    - incretins
  - apoproteins
  - small-molecule neurotransmitters
  - glucagon family
  - glycoprotein hormones family
    - stanniocalcin family
    - gonadotropic hormones
  - renin-angiotensin system
  - growth hormones
  - endothelin/sarafotoxin family
  - ephrin family
  - fetuin family
  - cystatin family
  - AVIT (prokineticin) family
  - SAA family
- not genome-encoded
  - phospholipid derivatives
  - sterol lipids
    - steroids
      - progestins
      - estrogens
      - androgens
      - mineralcorticoids
      - glucocorticoids
    - secosteroids
  - eicosanoids/fatty acid derivatives
    - hydroxy/hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acids
    - hydroxy/hydroperoxyeicosapentaenoic acids
    - isoprostanes
    - levuglandins
    - hepoxilins
    - lipoxins
    - leukotrienes
    - prostanoids
      - prostacyclins
      - prostaglandins
      - thromboxanes
  - amino acids
    - aspartic acids
    - glutamate-derived
    - tryptophan-derived
    - tyrosine-derived
      - catecholamines
      - thyroid hormones

Links to other resources

LipidBank

PGP4003

Anatomical structure: platelet
- LPA is produced in activated platelets. [2]
Anatomical structure: blood

Targets

Cell	Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1	Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 2	Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 3	Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4	Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 5	Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6
amygdaloid body			Present
astrocyte	Present Phenotypes astrocyte development	Present Phenotypes astrocyte differentiation
brain	Present Phenotypes cerebral cortex development positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization regulation of actin filament bundle assembly brain development inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by G-protein signaling pathway		Present	Present
breast	Present Phenotypes breast cancer
central nerve system element	Present Phenotypes schizophrenia
colon	Present			Present	Present
continuous vascular endothelial cell of blood vessels and lymphatics	Present	Present	Present Influences ↑ C-C motif chemokine 2 ↑ IL-1 beta ↑ IL-8
corpus luteum		Present Phenotypes negative regulation of progesterone biosynthetic process
dendritic cell in lymphoid tissues			Present Phenotypes dendritic cell chemotaxis
digestive system	Present Phenotypes gastrointestinal cancer	Present Phenotypes gastrointestinal cancer
fetal brain	Present Phenotypes brain development	Present Phenotypes brain development
fibroblast	Present Phenotypes wound healing
frontal lobe			Present
hair follicle	Present	Present	Present			Present Phenotypes autosomal recessive woolly hair
heart	Present		Present	Present	Present
hippocampus	Present Phenotypes positive regulation of neuron differentiation		Present
kidney	Present Phenotypes fibrosis	Present	Present	Present
leukocyte		Present
liver					Present
lung	Present Phenotypes pulmonary fibrosis	Present	Present		Present
lymphocyte		Present Phenotypes regulation of immune response
microglial cell in central nervous system	Present Phenotypes membrane hyperpolarization positive regulation of chemokinesis membrane ruffling positive regulation of cytokine production regulation of glia cell proliferation		Present Phenotypes regulation of inflammatory response
microvascularendothelial cell			Present
muscle	Present
nerve	Present Phenotypes sensory perception of pain
neuron	Present Phenotypes negative regulation of neuron projection development regulation of cell proliferation	Present Phenotypes negative regulation of neuron projection development	Present Phenotypes neuron projection morphogenesis
oligodendrocyte	Present Phenotypes myelin formation in the central nervous system cell maturation		Present
osteoblast	Present Phenotypes skeletal system development
ovary	Present Phenotypes Ovarian cancer	Present Phenotypes Ovarian cancer Ovarian cancer	Present Phenotypes Ovarian cancer Ovarian cancer	Present
pancreas	Present	Present	Present	Present
peripheral blood leukocytes		Present				Present
placenta	Present				Present
platelet	Present Phenotypes atherosclerosis		Present Phenotypes atherosclerosis
preadipocyte	Present Phenotypes negative regulation of fat cell differentiation positive regulation of cell motility positive regulation of fat cell proliferation positive regulation of glucose import
prostate	Present	Present	Present	Present
Schwann cell	Present Phenotypes regulation of myelination regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization negative regulation of glial cell apoptosis myelin formation in the peripheral nervous system	Present Phenotypes myelin formation in the peripheral nervous system myelin formation in the peripheral nervous system regulation of myelination
skeleton muscle	Present			Present
skin						Present
small intestine	Present		Present	Present	Present
smooth muscle cell	Present Phenotypes negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation smooth muscle cell migration regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation positive regulation of smooth muscle proliferation	Present Phenotypes positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration
spleen	Present	Present		Present	Present
stomach	Present	Present			Present
T-lymphocyte	Present Phenotypes regulation of T cell chemotaxis positive regulation of interleukin-2 production positive regulation of interleukin-13 production positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation	Present Phenotypes negative regulation of interleukin-2 production regulation of T cell chemotaxis
testis	Present	Present	Present	Present
thymus	Present	Present		Present
umbilical vein endothelial cells	Present Phenotypes positive regulation of cell death
uterus			Present Phenotypes embryo implantation
vascularendothelial cell	Present Phenotypes positive regulation of angiogenesis cell maturation induction of cytokine expression negative regulation of apoptosis	Present	Present Phenotypes negative regulation of apoptosis
white matter	Present

Reference

EndoNet

The information resource about the endocrine network in human.